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'blocking dopamine receptors'

Items tagged with 'blocking dopamine receptors'

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General Medicine

Cezocalm Injection is a brand name for Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride Injection, manufactured by American Remedies. Chlorpromazine is a first-generation antipsychotic medication belonging to the phenothiazine class. ________________________________________ 🩺 Uses of Cezocalm Injection Cezocalm Injection is primarily used to manage various psychiatric and neurological conditions, including: • Schizophrenia: A chronic mental health disorder characterized by distorted thinking, perception, emotions, and behavior. • Acute Psychotic Episodes: Short-term episodes of severe mental disturbances. • Manic Episodes in Bipolar Disorder: Periods of abnormally elevated mood and energy levels. • Severe Behavioral Problems in Children: Such as hyperactivity and aggression. • Severe Nausea and Vomiting: Especially when other treatments are ineffective. Hiccups: Persistent and intractable cases. • Preoperative Sedation: To relax patients before surgery. ________________________________________ 💊 Mechanism of Action Chlorpromazine works by: Blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which helps in reducing symptoms of psychosis. • Exhibiting sedative properties by affecting various neurotransmitter systems. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Side Effects Before administering Cezocalm Injection, inform your healthcare provider if you have: • Allergies to chlorpromazine or other medications. • A history of liver or kidney disease. • Heart conditions, especially arrhythmias. • Blood disorders. • Seizure disorders. • Pregnancy or breastfeeding status. Common side effects may include: Drowsiness or sedation. • Dizziness. • Dry mouth. • Constipation. • Hypotension (low blood pressure). • Extrapyramidal symptoms (e.g., tremors, rigidity). • Photosensitivity.

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Anti Cancer Medicine

Ondican 4 Injection, also known by the generic name Ondansetron 4 mg Injection, is an antiemetic medication primarily used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting associated with various medical conditions and treatments. Common Uses 1. Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV): Ondican 4 is administered to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. It is typically given 30 minutes before the start of chemotherapy sessions. 2. Radiation Therapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: It is used to prevent nausea and vomiting associated with radiation therapy, usually administered 1–2 hours before treatment. 3. Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV): Ondican 4 helps prevent and treat nausea and vomiting following surgery. It is administered immediately before or within 2 hours after surgery. 4. Other Causes of Nausea and Vomiting: It may also be used to manage nausea and vomiting due to other causes, such as gastroenteritis or certain medical conditions. Mechanism of Action Ondican 4 works by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical in the body that can trigger nausea and vomiting. By inhibiting serotonin receptors in the brain and gastrointestinal tract, it effectively prevents these symptoms. Administration Ondican 4 Injection is administered intravenously (IV) by a healthcare professional in a hospital or clinic setting. The dosage and timing depend on the specific condition being treated and the patient's medical history. Side Effects Common side effects may include: • Headache • Constipation • Dizziness • Fatigue • Injection site reactions These side effects are generally mild and temporary. However, if they persist or worsen, consult your healthcare provider. Precautions Before receiving Ondican 4, inform your doctor if you have: • Liver disease • Heart problems • Electrolyte imbalances • Blockage in the stomach or intestines Additionally, disclose any other medications you are taking, as interactions may occur. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should consult their healthcare provider before use.

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General Medicine

Ondican 2 Injection is a brand of Ondansetron 2 mg/2 mL Injection, manufactured by American Remedies. Ondansetron is a 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist commonly used as an antiemetic to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting associated with various medical conditions. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses Ondican 2 Injection is indicated for: • Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV): To prevent and treat nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. Radiotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (RINV): To prevent and treat nausea and vomiting associated with radiation therapy. Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV): To prevent and treat nausea and vomiting following surgical procedures. These indications are supported by clinical guidelines and pharmacological references. ________________________________________ ⚙️ Mechanism of Action Ondansetron works by blocking the action of serotonin, a natural substance that may cause nausea and vomiting. It specifically inhibits serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the brain, thereby preventing the sensation of nausea and the act of vomiting. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Side Effects Precautions: • Allergy: Do not use if allergic to ondansetron or other 5-HT₃ receptor antagonists. • Cardiac Conditions: Use with caution in patients with a history of heart problems, as ondansetron may affect heart rhythm. • Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult a healthcare provider before use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Common Side Effects: • Headache • Constipation • DizzinessFatigue Serious Side Effects: • Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling) Severe dizziness or fainting • Irregular heartbeat Seek immediate medical attention if any serious side effects occur.

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General Medicine

Labecanol Injection 4 ml belongs to the group of anti-hypertensive medicines called beta-blocking agents used to treat severe hypertension (high blood pressure). Additionally, American Labecanol Injection 4 ml is used to control high blood pressure in pregnancy and during anaesthesia. Labecanol Injection 4 ml contains ‘labetalol’ that works by blocking the receptors in the cardiovascular (circulatory) system, this helps in decreasing the blood pressure in the blood vessels. Thus, it helps lower the blood pressure to normal. In some cases, American Labecanol Injection 4 ml may cause common side effects such as postural hypotension, dizziness, fatigue, and headache. Most of these side effects do not require medical attention and will resolve gradually over time. However, you are advised to talk to your doctor if the side effects persist or worsen.

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General Medicine

Hpdol 50mg Injection is used in the treatment of schizophrenia. It is also used to treat psychosis, mania, severe behavior problems, and Tourette syndrome (chronic multiple motor and vocal problems and involuntary responses) in adults and children. Hpdol 50mg Injection works by blocking the action of dopamine, a chemical messenger in the brain that affects thoughts and mood. It is given under the supervision of a healthcare professional only. Use it at the same time each day as this helps to maintain a consistent level of medicine in the body. Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor and if you have missed a dose, take it as soon as you remember. Do not stop suddenly without talking to the doctor, as it may worsen your symptoms. The doctor may check heart function and level of electrolytes such as sodium and magnesium before you start treatment with this medicine and regularly thereafter. Take plenty of fluids while taking this medicine as it may also cause dehydration.

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General Medicine

Dopacan Injection is a brand of Dopamine Hydrochloride, a potent vasopressor and inotropic agent used in critical care settings to manage various cardiovascular conditions. It is administered intravenously under medical supervision. ________________________________________ 🩺 Medical Uses Dopacan Injection is indicated for: • Shock Management: Including septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and hypovolemic shock. • Acute Heart Failure: To improve cardiac output and perfusion. • Severe Hypotension: Especially in patients unresponsive to volume resuscitation. • Renal Protection: To enhance renal blood flow and urine output in certain critically ill patients. Dopamine works by stimulating dopaminergic and beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to increased heart rate, contractility, and renal perfusion. At higher doses, it also stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors, causing vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. ________________________________________ ⚙️ Dosage and Administration Dopacan Injection is administered intravenously, with the dosage tailored to the patient's condition and response: • Low Dose (1–5 mcg/kg/min): Primarily stimulates dopaminergic receptors, increasing renal blood flow and urine output. • Medium Dose (5–15 mcg/kg/min): Stimulates beta-1 adrenergic receptors, enhancing heart rate and contractility. • High Dose (15–50 mcg/kg/min): Stimulates alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. Continuous monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, and urine output is essential during administration. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications Before using Dopacan Injection, inform your healthcare provider if you have: • Allergies to dopamine or other components of the injection. • A history of heart rhythm disorders or coronary artery disease. • Pheochromocytoma (a rare tumor of the adrenal glands). • Diabetes, asthma, or sulfite allergies. • Circulatory disorders such as Raynaud's disease or Buerger's disease. • Recent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). This medication is typically administered by healthcare professionals in a clinical setting and is not intended for self-administration. ________________________________________ 💊 Side Effects Common side effects may include: • Palpitations or increased heart rate. • Nausea and vomiting. • Headache. • Difficulty breathing. • Gangrene (in rare cases, due to excessive vasoconstriction). Serious side effects are rare but can occur. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, or signs of gastrointestinal bleeding.

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General Medicine

CPM Injection refers to Chlorpheniramine Maleate Injection, a first-generation antihistamine commonly used in clinical settings to manage allergic reactions and related conditions. It is available in various strengths, such as 4 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg per vial, and is administered via intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injection. ________________________________________ 🩺 Medical Uses CPM Injection is employed to treat a range of allergic and hypersensitivity conditions, including: • Acute Allergic Reactions: Such as anaphylaxis, where rapid intervention is crucial. • Chronic Allergies: Including hay fever, allergic rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. • Skin Conditions: Like urticaria (hives), angioedema (swelling), and pruritus (itching). • Pre-Medication: Administered before blood transfusions or certain medications to prevent allergic reactions. • Motion Sickness: To alleviate symptoms associated with nausea and vomiting. • Common Cold Symptoms: Such as sneezing and runny nose. Its rapid onset makes it particularly valuable in emergency and hospital settings. ________________________________________ ⚙️ Mechanism of Action Chlorpheniramine Maleate works by blocking histamine receptors (H1 receptors) in the body. Histamine is a chemical involved in allergic responses; by inhibiting its action, CPM reduces symptoms like itching, swelling, and redness. ________________________________________ 💉 Administration and Dosage CPM Injection is administered by healthcare professionals: • Intravenous (IV) Injection: For rapid onset of action. • Intramuscular (IM) Injection: For sustained release and longer duration of effect. The dosage and frequency depend on the specific condition being treated, the patient's age, weight, and overall health status. It is crucial to follow the prescribing healthcare provider's instructions. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications Before administering CPM Injection, inform the healthcare provider if the patient has: • Allergy: To chlorpheniramine or any other antihistamines. • Medical Conditions: Such as glaucoma, high blood pressure, or gastrointestinal issues. • Pregnancy or Breastfeeding: Discuss potential risks and benefits. CPM may cause drowsiness; therefore, activities requiring alertness, like driving, should be avoided during treatment. Alcohol consumption should also be limited, as it can exacerbate drowsiness. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Side Effects Common side effects may include: • Drowsiness or sedation. • Dizziness or lightheadedness. • Dry mouth. • Blurred vision. • Nausea or vomiting. If any side effects persist or worsen, consult a healthcare provider promptly.

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Steroid/Hormones Medicines

Drostawin Injection is the brand/trade name for Drostanolone Propionate, an anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) originally developed for medical use but more commonly used today in bodybuilding and athletic settings. ✅ Medical Uses of Drostawin (Drostanolone Propionate) Treatment of Breast Cancer (in women) Originally prescribed to treat advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women due to its anti-estrogenic properties. It helps slow tumor growth by blocking estrogen receptors. 💪 Non-Medical / Performance Uses (Bodybuilding & Athletics): Cutting Cycles Used to preserve lean muscle mass while reducing body fat. Known for giving a dry, hard, and vascular look due to its anti-estrogenic effect (no water retention). Muscle Definition Enhances muscle hardness and definition, especially when body fat is already low. Popular among competitive bodybuilders preparing for shows. Mild Anabolic Effects Less potent than other steroids in bulking but low in side effects like water retention or gynecomastia (man boobs). ⚠️ Common Side Effects Acne and oily skin Hair loss (especially in those genetically prone to baldness) Deepening of the voice (in women) Mood swings or irritability Suppression of natural testosterone production Cholesterol imbalance (can lower HDL, raise LDL)

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General Medicine

Atrocan Injection is a medication containing Atropine Sulphate (0.6 mg), manufactured by American Remedies Ltd. It is primarily used in medical settings for various purposes: 🩺 Uses of Atrocan Injection 1. Treatment of Bradycardia: Atrocan is administered to manage bradycardia (slow heart rate), helping to restore normal heart rhythm during cardiac arrest situations. 2. Preoperative Medication: It is used before general anesthesia to reduce salivation and mucus secretions in the respiratory tract, facilitating smoother surgical procedures. 3. Antidote for Poisoning: Atrocan serves as an antidote for poisoning caused by organophosphate insecticides, nerve agents, or certain types of mushrooms. 4. Reversal of Muscle Relaxant Effects: In combination with other medications, Atrocan is used to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants during surgeries. 💊 Mechanism of Action Atropine, the active ingredient in Atrocan, is a muscarinic antagonist. It works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, on muscarinic receptors. This leads to increased heart rate, reduced salivation, and decreased bronchial secretions. ⚠️ Side Effects Common side effects may include: • Dry mouth • Blurred vision • Increased heart rate • Flushing • Dizziness or confusion • Nausea or vomiting These side effects are generally mild and transient. If they persist or worsen, consult your healthcare provider. ⚠️ Precautions Before using Atrocan Injection, inform your doctor if you: • Have a history of allergies to atropine or other anticholinergic medications. • Suffer from glaucoma, urinary retention, or gastrointestinal disorders. • Are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. • Are taking other medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

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