INTRODUCTION ABOUT VALCYTE 450MG TABLET VALCYTE 450MG TABLET contains Valganciclovir which belongs to the group of medicines called Antiviral agents. It is used in adults (with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) to manage cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the retina of the eye which generally cause vision problems and blindness. VALCYTE 450MG TABLET is also used in adults and children to manage cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection who are not infected with CMV or who had received an organ transplant from someone who earlier had CMV infection. VALCYTE 450MG TABLET is not recommended for use in patients allergic (hypersensitive) to Valganciclovir, and/or Ganciclovir. Before taking VALCYTE 450MG TABLET, inform your doctor if are undergoing radiotherapy/hemodialysis, and/or suffer from low red blood cell, white blood cell or platelets, kidney/liver problems. VALCYTE 450MG TABLET is not recommended for use in pregnant women unless it is clearly necessary since it may cause harm to the unborn baby. It is also not recommended for use in breastfeeding women. VALCYTE 450MG TABLET should be used with caution in children and adolescents (aged below 18 years) and is advised to be used with caution in elderly patients (aged 65 years and above) after consulting the doctor. The most common side effects of taking VALCYTE 450MG TABLET are oral thrush (fungal infection), headache, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea. Consult your doctor if any of these symptoms worsens. USES OF VALCYTE 450MG TABLET Manage cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the retina of the eye in adult patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Prevents cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection who are not infected with CMV or in patients who had received an organ transplant from someone who earlier had CMV infection HOW VALCYTE 450MG TABLET WORKS VALCYTE 450MG TABLET works by managing the multiplication of virus in human cells by decreasing its growth which results in inhibition of production of new virus thus managing and managing the spread of infection to other parts of the body in affected individuals. DIRECTIONS FOR USE Take VALCYTE 450MG TABLET as advised by your physician. Swallow the medicine with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending upon your age, body weight and disease condition. SIDE EFFECTS OF VALCYTE 450MG TABLET COMMON thrush & oral thrush (fungal infection) upper respiratory tract infection such as sinusitis, tonsillitis headache cough, shortness of breath abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss eczema (skin inflammation) tiredness, fever influenza signs of urine infection such as fever, passing urine more often, and/or pain (while passing urine) skin infection signs of mild allergic reaction such as red, itchy skin feeling depressed, anxious or confused trouble sleeping feeling numb/weak in hands/feet changes in sense of touch, tingling/tickling/pricking/burning sensation altered taste, chills eye inflammation/pain or sight problems ear pain signs of low blood pressure such as feeling dizzy/faint difficulty while swallowing constipation, wind, indigestion, stomach pain, swelling of abdomen mouth ulcers night sweats itching, rash hair loss back pain, muscle/joint pain, muscle spasms feeling dizzy, weak/generally unwell UNCOMMON feeling agitated tremor/shaking deafness irregular heartbeat red itchy welt, dry skin blood in urine chest pain RARE Stop taking VALCYTE 450MG TABLET and contact your doctor if you experience any of the following side effects: signs of allergic reaction (anaphylactic shock) such as raised, itchy skin rash, sudden swelling of throat, face, lips/mouth resulting in difficulty while swallowing/breathing, and/or sudden swelling of the hands, feet/ankles. signs of infection (due to low white blood cell count) such as sore throat, mouth ulcer, and/or fever signs of low red blood cell count such as shortness of breath, tiredness, palpitation, and/or pale skin signs of blood infection (sepsis) such as fever, chills, palpitation, confusion, and/or slurred speech signs of low platelet count such as bleeding/bruising, blood in urine/stools, and/or bleeding from gums severely low blood cell count pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas) associated with severe stomach pain fits hallucinations abnormal thoughts/feelings, losing contact with reality failure of kidney function HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS Constipation Try to eat high-fiber foods such as vegetables, cereals, fresh fruit, and drink plenty of water. Involve in regular exercise (such as going for a daily walk or run) and if this does not help, consult and inform your doctor for receiving alternate managements for constipation.

Timipar (Timolol Maleate 0.5%) Ophthalmic Solution is a prescription eye drop used to manage elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in conditions such as open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. By reducing the production of fluid within the eye, it helps lower IOP, thereby reducing the risk of optic nerve damage and potential vision loss. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses • Open-Angle Glaucoma: A common form of glaucoma where the drainage angle in the eye remains open, but the trabecular meshwork is partially blocked, leading to increased IOP. • Ocular Hypertension: A condition characterized by higher-than-normal IOP without any signs of glaucoma damage. ________________________________________ 💊 Dosage and Administration • Typical Dosage: Instill one drop of the 0.5% solution into the affected eye(s) twice daily. • Application Tips: o Wash your hands before use. o Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. o If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them. o After instilling the drop, gently press the corner of your eye (near the nose) for 1–2 minutes to prevent the medication from draining out. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications • Contraindications: o Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation. o Bronchial asthma or a history of bronchial asthma. o Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). o Sinus bradycardia, second- or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, or cardiogenic shock. • Cautions: o Use with caution in patients with a history of heart disease, diabetes, or thyroid disorders, as beta-blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperthyroidism. o Monitor for potential additive effects when used with other systemic beta-blockers. ________________________________________ 🧪 Mechanism of Action Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist (beta-blocker) that reduces aqueous humor production in the eye, leading to a decrease in IOP. Its onset of action is typically within 20 minutes, with effects lasting up to 24 hours.

Timipar (Timolol Maleate 0.25%) eye drops are a prescription medication primarily used to manage elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) associated with conditions like open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. By reducing the production of aqueous humor, the fluid inside the eye, Timolol helps lower IOP, thereby reducing the risk of optic nerve damage and potential vision loss . ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses • Open-Angle Glaucoma: A common type of glaucoma where the drainage angle in the eye remains open, but the trabecular meshwork is partially blocked, leading to increased IOP. • Ocular Hypertension: A condition characterized by higher-than-normal IOP without any signs of glaucoma damage. ________________________________________ 💊 Dosage and Administration • Typical Dosage: Instill one drop of the 0.25% solution into the affected eye(s) once or twice daily, as directed by your healthcare provider. • Application Tips: o Wash your hands before use. o Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. o If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them . ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications • Contraindications: o Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation. o Bronchial asthma or a history of bronchial asthma. o Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). • Sinus bradycardia, second- or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, or cardiogenic shock . • Cautions: o Use with caution in patients with a history of heart disease, diabetes, or thyroid disorders, as beta-blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperthyroidism. o Monitor for potential additive effects when used with other systemic beta-blockers . ________________________________________ 🧪 Mechanism of Action Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist (beta-blocker) that reduces aqueous humor production in the eye, leading to a decrease in IOP. Its onset of action is typically within 20 minutes, with effects lasting up to 24 hours .

Nor-ADR Injection is a brand of Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine) Bitartrate Injection, manufactured by American Remedies. It is primarily used in critical care settings to manage severe hypotension (low blood pressure) and shock. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses Nor-ADR Injection is indicated for: • Septic Shock: A life-threatening condition caused by severe infection leading to dangerously low blood pressure. • Cardiogenic Shock: A state where the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's needs. Anaphylactic Shock: A severe allergic reaction causing a sudden drop in blood pressure. • Hypotension During Surgery or Trauma: To maintain adequate blood pressure during and after surgical procedures or traumatic events. • Cardiac Arrest: As an adjunct in the management of cardiac arrest to improve blood flow to vital organs. These indications are supported by clinical guidelines and pharmacological references. ________________________________________ ⚙️ Mechanism of Action Noradrenaline is a potent vasopressor that works by: Alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptor Activation: Causing vasoconstriction, which increases systemic vascular resistance and raises blood pressure. • Beta-1 Adrenergic Receptor Activation: Increasing heart rate and myocardial contractility, thereby enhancing cardiac output. This dual action helps restore blood pressure and improve perfusion to vital organs in shock states. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Side Effects Precautions: • Administration: Should be administered intravenously under strict medical supervision, typically in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting. • Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate is essential during administration. • Contraindications: Should not be used in patients with mesenteric or peripheral vascular thrombosis unless absolutely necessary. Common Side Effects: • Hypertension (high blood pressure) • Headache Nausea • Anxiety • Dizziness Serious Side Effects: • Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) • Tissue necrosis at the injection site • Reduced renal perfusion leading to renal failure Immediate medical attention is required if any serious side effects occur.

Nitrocan 25 Injection is a brand of Nitroglycerin Injection 25 mg/5 mL, manufactured by American Remedies. It is primarily used in hospital settings for the management of certain cardiovascular conditions. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses Nitrocan 25 Injection is indicated for: • Angina Pectoris: To treat and prevent chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. • Acute Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack): To alleviate chest pain and improve blood flow to the heart muscle. Hypertension During Surgery: To control high blood pressure during and after surgical procedures. • Congestive Heart Failure: To reduce the workload on the heart and improve symptoms. ________________________________________ ⚙️ Mechanism of Action Nitroglycerin is a nitrate that, once administered, is converted into nitric oxide in the body. This leads to the relaxation and dilation of blood vessels, improving blood flow and reducing the heart's workload. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions • Contraindications: Should not be used in patients with severe anemia, hypotension, or those taking medications for erectile dysfunction (e.g., sildenafil, tadalafil) due to the risk of a significant drop in blood pressure. • Monitoring: Requires careful monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate during administration. • Administration: Administered intravenously under medical supervision; dosage and duration are determined by the healthcare provider. ________________________________________ 💊 Common Side Effects • Headache • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Hypotension (low blood pressure) • Nausea or vomiting • Flushing

Milrican 10 is a brand of Milrinone Lactate Injection, manufactured by American Remedies. Milrinone is a phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor that serves as both an inotropic agent and a vasodilator. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses of Milrican 10 Milrican 10 is indicated for the short-term intravenous treatment of: • Severe congestive heart failure: Particularly in patients unresponsive to conventional therapies. • Acute decompensated heart failure: Including low output states following cardiac surgery. It is commonly used in intensive care units or during cardiac procedures to support heart function. ________________________________________ ⚙️ Mechanism of Action Milrinone works by inhibiting PDE3, leading to increased cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells. This results in: • Increased myocardial contractility: Enhancing the heart's ability to pump blood. • Vasodilation: Relaxing blood vessels, which reduces the heart's workload and improves blood flow. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Important Considerations • Administration: Milrican 10 should only be administered intravenously under the supervision of a healthcare professional. • Monitoring: Patients receiving Milrican 10 require close monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, and kidney function. • Contraindications: Not recommended for patients with severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or known hypersensitivity to milrinone. • Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult a doctor before use if pregnant or breastfeeding.

Frasix 40 injection belongs to a group of medicines called diuretics or water tablets. It is used to reduce the swelling (edema) caused by too much water in the body in people who have heart failure, liver or kidney disease. This medicine is also used to treat high blood pressure. Frasix 40 injection helps your body get rid of extra water and salt through urine. It may be used alone or in combination with other medicines as per the dose advised by your doctor. It can be taken with or without food and should be taken at the same time each day. It is best to avoid taking this medicine within 4 hours of your bedtime to prevent having to get up at night to urinate. It is important to continue taking this medication even if you feel well. If you stop taking it without consulting your doctor, your condition may worsen. Lifestyle changes like reducing stress, restricting salt intake, and stopping smoking may help this medication work better.

Ketoalfa sachet contains Calcium- 3- Methyl- 2- Oxovalerate, Calcium- 4- Methyl- 2Oxovalerate, Calcium- 2- Oxo- 3- Phenylpropionate, Calcium- 3- methyl- 2- Oxobutyrate, Calcium- DL- 2- Hydroxy- 4- Butyrate, L- Lysine, L- Threonine, L- tryptophan, Histidine & Tyrosine as active ingredients. - Prevention and therapy for damages due to faulty or deficient protein metabolism in chronic renal insufficiency Key benefits/uses of Ketoalfa sachet: - Slows down CRF (Chronic Renal failure) progression rate. - Reduces unnecessary load of nitrogen and inorganic ions. - Promotes muscle protein synthesis. - Reduces pill burden and enhances compliance - Can be given to diabetic patients Direction for use/Dosage: - 40 gm per day (for adults) and less; i.e. generally in patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 25 ml/min Indication: - Chronic Renal insufficiency Storage instructions: - Store in a cool‚ dry and dark place - Protect from the direct sunlight Safety information: - Do not exceed the daily recommended dose - Keep out of the reach and sight of children

Tavin 300mg tablet tablet consists of the active substance called Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, which belongs to the class of antiretroviral or antiviral medicine. This medicine treats HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and HBV (hepatitis B virus) infections. It is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) and works by inhibiting the enzymes (HIV reverse transcriptase; hepatitis B DNA polymerase) that are important for virus replication. It should always take in combination with other medicines to treat HIV infection. This tablet is suitable for the adult and adolescents aged from 12 to 18 years. For HIV, this medicine is given to adolescents who have already been medicated with other HIV medicines which are no longer fully effective due to resistance or have caused side effects. This tablet is not been studied in patients over 65 years of age. Do not consume this drug if you have experienced hypersensitivity reactions to Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or any of its ingredients. During the Tavin 300mg tablet tablet treatment, your doctor may periodically monitor your blood counts, bone mineral density, liver and kidney parameters to prevent serious complications. Report to your doctor if you have had a history of heart failure, pancreatitis, bone disease (osteonecrosis - the death of bone tissue), fractures, liver (chronic hepatitis B or C), or kidney problems.