A healthy eye produces enough tears to keep it moist and healthy. However, in patients with Dry Eyes or Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), either the amount of tear production is reduced or the rate at which the tear evaporates is increased. Visioaid is Schirmer’s test strip (STT) that helps to diagnose KCS. Based on the extent to which the STT strip is moistened by tears, the veterinarian is able to diagnose the severity of KCS and provide suitable treatment. The veterinarian will place the tip of VISIOAID inside the eyelid, closes the eye, and holds the paper for exactly 60 seconds. The distance travelled by the tears on the VISIOAID strip in sixty seconds is recorded and the diagnosis is made.

Biotrav (Travoprost) Ophthalmic Solution Biotrav is a prescription eye drop containing travoprost, a prostaglandin analog used to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in individuals with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses • Open-Angle Glaucoma: A common type of glaucoma characterized by gradual loss of vision due to increased IOP. • Ocular Hypertension: Elevated IOP without optic nerve damage, which can lead to glaucoma if untreated. ________________________________________ 💊 Dosage and Administration • Recommended Dosage: Instill one drop into the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening. • Application Tips: o Wash hands before use. o Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. o If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications • Contraindications: o Hypersensitivity to travoprost or any component of the formulation. o Active or suspected ocular infections. o History of hypersensitivity to prostaglandin analogs. • Cautions: o Use with caution in patients with a history of uveitis, macular edema, or retinal vein occlusion. o May cause changes in eye color, eyelash growth, and skin pigmentation around the eyes. o Consult a healthcare provider before use if pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. ________________________________________ 🧪 Mechanism of Action Travoprost works by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral pathways, thereby reducing IOP. This helps prevent damage to the optic nerve and loss of vision associated with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Biotrav-T (Travoprost and Timolol Maleate) Ophthalmic Solution is a prescription eye drop used to manage elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in individuals with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It combines two medications—travoprost (a prostaglandin analog) and timolol maleate (a non-selective beta-blocker)—to reduce IOP through complementary mechanisms. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses • Open-Angle Glaucoma: A common form of glaucoma characterized by gradual loss of vision due to increased IOP. • Ocular Hypertension: Elevated IOP without optic nerve damage, which can lead to glaucoma if untreated. ________________________________________ 💊 Dosage and Administration • Recommended Dosage: Instill one drop into the affected eye(s) once daily, preferably in the evening. • Application Tips: o Wash hands before use. o Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. o If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications • Contraindications: o Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation. o Active or suspected ocular infections. o History of hypersensitivity to beta-blockers. • Cautions: o Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases, as timolol may exacerbate conditions like asthma, bradycardia, or heart block. o Monitor for potential systemic absorption effects, including hypotension or bradycardia. o Consult a healthcare provider before use if pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. ________________________________________

Tobi (Tobramycin Ophthalmic Solution) is a prescription antibiotic eye drop used to treat bacterial infections of the eye. It contains 0.3% tobramycin, a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic effective against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses • Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Infection of the conjunctiva (the membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids). • Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelid margins, often associated with bacterial infection. • Keratitis: Infection of the cornea. • Post-surgical Infections: Prophylactic treatment or management of infections following eye surgeries. Tobramycin ophthalmic solution is typically used alone or in combination with other medications, depending on the severity and type of infection . ________________________________________ 💊 Dosage and Administration • Standard Dosage: Instill 1–2 drops into the affected eye every 4 hours during the day. • Severe Infections: In some cases, the dosage may be increased to 2 drops every hour, as directed by a healthcare provider . • Application Tips: o Wash hands before use. o Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. o If wearing contact lenses, remove them before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications • Contraindications: • Hypersensitivity to tobramycin or any component of the formulation . • Cautions: o Use with caution in pregnant or breastfeeding women; consult a healthcare provider before use . o Prolonged use may lead to the development of resistant bacteria. o Should not be used in children without medical supervision. ________________________________________

Timipar (Timolol Maleate 0.5%) Ophthalmic Solution is a prescription eye drop used to manage elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in conditions such as open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. By reducing the production of fluid within the eye, it helps lower IOP, thereby reducing the risk of optic nerve damage and potential vision loss. ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses • Open-Angle Glaucoma: A common form of glaucoma where the drainage angle in the eye remains open, but the trabecular meshwork is partially blocked, leading to increased IOP. • Ocular Hypertension: A condition characterized by higher-than-normal IOP without any signs of glaucoma damage. ________________________________________ 💊 Dosage and Administration • Typical Dosage: Instill one drop of the 0.5% solution into the affected eye(s) twice daily. • Application Tips: o Wash your hands before use. o Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. o If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them. o After instilling the drop, gently press the corner of your eye (near the nose) for 1–2 minutes to prevent the medication from draining out. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications • Contraindications: o Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation. o Bronchial asthma or a history of bronchial asthma. o Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). o Sinus bradycardia, second- or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, or cardiogenic shock. • Cautions: o Use with caution in patients with a history of heart disease, diabetes, or thyroid disorders, as beta-blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperthyroidism. o Monitor for potential additive effects when used with other systemic beta-blockers. ________________________________________ 🧪 Mechanism of Action Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist (beta-blocker) that reduces aqueous humor production in the eye, leading to a decrease in IOP. Its onset of action is typically within 20 minutes, with effects lasting up to 24 hours.

Timipar (Timolol Maleate 0.25%) eye drops are a prescription medication primarily used to manage elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) associated with conditions like open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. By reducing the production of aqueous humor, the fluid inside the eye, Timolol helps lower IOP, thereby reducing the risk of optic nerve damage and potential vision loss . ________________________________________ ✅ Primary Uses • Open-Angle Glaucoma: A common type of glaucoma where the drainage angle in the eye remains open, but the trabecular meshwork is partially blocked, leading to increased IOP. • Ocular Hypertension: A condition characterized by higher-than-normal IOP without any signs of glaucoma damage. ________________________________________ 💊 Dosage and Administration • Typical Dosage: Instill one drop of the 0.25% solution into the affected eye(s) once or twice daily, as directed by your healthcare provider. • Application Tips: o Wash your hands before use. o Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. o If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them . ________________________________________ ⚠️ Precautions and Contraindications • Contraindications: o Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation. o Bronchial asthma or a history of bronchial asthma. o Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). • Sinus bradycardia, second- or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, or cardiogenic shock . • Cautions: o Use with caution in patients with a history of heart disease, diabetes, or thyroid disorders, as beta-blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperthyroidism. o Monitor for potential additive effects when used with other systemic beta-blockers . ________________________________________ 🧪 Mechanism of Action Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist (beta-blocker) that reduces aqueous humor production in the eye, leading to a decrease in IOP. Its onset of action is typically within 20 minutes, with effects lasting up to 24 hours .

Paricar (Pilocarpine Nitrate 4%) Eye Drops are a miotic ophthalmic solution primarily used to manage certain eye conditions by reducing intraocular pressure. ________________________________________ 🔍 Uses 1. Treatment of Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Pilocarpine Nitrate 4% is employed to lower elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It facilitates the drainage of aqueous humor from the eye, thereby reducing IOP and helping prevent vision loss and nerve damage. 2. Management of Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma In acute angle-closure glaucoma, Pilocarpine Nitrate 4% may be used to constrict the pupil, facilitating the opening of the angle between the iris and cornea, which helps in reducing IOP. 3. Induction of Miosis Pilocarpine Nitrate 4% is utilized to induce miosis (pupil constriction) during certain eye surgeries or to reverse the effects of drugs used to dilate the pupil during eye examinations. ________________________________________ 💧 Dosage and Administration • General Dosage: Instill one drop into the affected eye(s) 1 to 4 times daily, as directed by your healthcare provider. • Application Method: 1. Wash your hands thoroughly before use. 2. Tilt your head back slightly and pull down the lower eyelid to form a pouch. 3. Hold the dropper above the eye and instill the prescribed number of drops. 4. Close the eye gently and apply gentle pressure to the inner corner of the eye for 1 to 2 minutes to prevent the medication from draining away. 5. Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Safety and Side Effects • Common Side Effects: o Temporary eye discomfort, such as stinging or burning sensations. o Blurred vision. o Headache. • Visual disturbances. • Serious Side Effects: o Although rare, systemic absorption may lead to increased blood pressure, headache, or dizziness. • Precautions: o Consult your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, as the safety of Pilocarpine Nitrate 4% during these periods is not well-established. o Use with caution if you have a history of retinal diseases or other eye conditions. o Avoid driving or operating machinery if you experience blurred vision or visual disturbances.

Paricar (Pilocarpine Nitrate 2% Eye Drops) is a miotic ophthalmic solution primarily used to manage certain eye conditions by reducing intraocular pressure. ________________________________________ 🔍 Uses 1. Treatment of Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Pilocarpine Nitrate 2% is employed to lower elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It facilitates the drainage of aqueous humor from the eye, thereby reducing IOP and helping prevent vision loss and nerve damage. 2. Management of Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma In acute angle-closure glaucoma, Pilocarpine Nitrate 2% may be used to constrict the pupil, facilitating the opening of the angle between the iris and cornea, which helps in reducing IOP. 3. Induction of Miosis Pilocarpine Nitrate 2% is utilized to induce miosis (pupil constriction) during certain eye surgeries or to reverse the effects of drugs used to dilate the pupil during eye examinations. ________________________________________ 💧 Dosage and Administration • General Dosage: Instill one drop into the affected eye(s) 1 to 4 times daily, as directed by your healthcare provider. • Application Method: 1. Wash your hands thoroughly before use. 2. Tilt your head back slightly and pull down the lower eyelid to form a pouch. 3. Hold the dropper above the eye and instill the prescribed number of drops. 4. Close the eye gently and apply gentle pressure to the inner corner of the eye for 1 to 2 minutes to prevent the medication from draining away. 5. Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Safety and Side Effects • Common Side Effects: o Temporary eye discomfort, such as stinging or burning sensations. o Blurred vision. o Headache. • Visual disturbances. • Serious Side Effects: o Although rare, systemic absorption may lead to increased blood pressure, headache, or dizziness. • Precautions: o Consult your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, as the safety of Pilocarpine Nitrate 2% during these periods is not well-established. o Use with caution if you have a history of retinal diseases or other eye conditions. o Avoid driving or operating machinery if you experience blurred vision or visual disturbances.

Paripher Eye Drop contains Phenylephrine Hydrochloride 10% and is primarily used in ophthalmology for its mydriatic (pupil-dilating) effects. This formulation is typically employed in clinical settings and is available by prescription.** ________________________________________ 🔍 Uses 1. Pupil Dilation (Mydriasis): Paripher is utilized to dilate the pupil during eye examinations and surgical procedures, allowing for a clearer view of the retina and other internal structures. 2. Treatment of Eye Redness and Irritation: As a decongestant, it constricts blood vessels in the eye, reducing redness and irritation caused by allergies or other factors. 3. Management of Uveitis: Phenylephrine's vasoconstrictive properties aid in managing inflammation associated with uveitis by decreasing blood flow to the affected area. 4. Adjunct in Nasal Decongestion: Though primarily an eye drop, Paripher's active ingredient is also utilized in nasal decongestants to relieve symptoms of the common cold. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Usage Instructions • Application: Instill the prescribed number of drops into the lower conjunctival sac of the eye. • Contact Lenses: Remove soft contact lenses before application and wait at least 10–15 minutes before reinsertion. • Avoid Contamination: Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye, to prevent contamination. • Multiple Medications: If using other eye medications, wait at least 10 minutes before applying them to avoid dilution. ________________________________________ ⚠️ Safety and Side Effects • Common Side Effects: Temporary eye discomfort, such as stinging or burning sensations. • Serious Side Effects: Although rare, systemic absorption may lead to increased blood pressure, headache, or dizziness. • Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult a healthcare provider before use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.